Q =.= QHoney Bear 好美丽的一天哦！！

子宫肌瘤会影响月经吗?

2011-11-15T18:54:00.001-08:00

子宫肌瘤是一种常见的女性生殖器良性肿瘤，表现为子宫出血、疼痛、白带增多等。那么子宫肌瘤会影响月经吗？专家认为，子宫肌瘤会影响月经的，其原因主要是子宫内膜面积增大，因雌激素作用至子宫内膜增生，肌瘤妨碍子宫收缩，并影响血循环而使内膜充血。

子宫肌瘤

子宫肌瘤多见于30～50岁妇女，以40～50岁最常见，一般来说患有子宫肌瘤会对月经有一定的影响，表现为月经周期缩短、经量增多、经期延长、不规则阴道流血等，但是一般不会导致月经不来，患有子宫肌瘤最好及时进行治疗。

子宫肌瘤的危害：

1、阴道出血

子宫肌瘤的常见症状，表现为月经量过多，周期缩短、不规律，持续时间延长。按肌瘤发生部位，最容易发生子宫出血者为肌壁间肌瘤和粘膜下肌瘤，而浆膜下肌瘤发生月经改变的较少。

2、疼痛

剧烈腹痛，伴恶心，呕吐，体温升高，白细胞增多，肿瘤压迫神经可产生放射性疼痛。

3、不孕

肿瘤生长使子宫变形，输卵管入口受阻可影响精子进入输卵管，使肿瘤阻碍受精。卵着床，均可造成不孕式流产。

4、白带增多

粘膜下肌瘤表面有溃疡时，可有白带增多，合并感染时有脓性白带。

5、腹部肿块

肌瘤增大时，可在下腹触及到肿块，尤其膀胱充盈时，子宫位置上升，肿块更加明显。

6、压迫症状

压迫膀胱或尿道，出现尿频，排尿障碍，子宫肌瘤压迫直肠引起排便障碍。

7、全身症状

肌瘤引起月经过多，可发生继发性贫血，产生头晕，无力等症状。

爱心提示：子宫肌瘤虽是一种良性肿瘤，但也有增大的可能，应及时发现和治疗。

Nursing Guide/Nursing Tips

2011-06-17T00:40:00.000-07:00

Nursing bra guide

If you decide to breastfeed, you won't necessarily need bottles, a bottle sterilizer, or formula. But you will need a nursing bra. It will be your key piece of equipment to get the job done quickly and easily.

Getting started - Nursing bra guide
Nursing bras look like regular bras, but the cups open or lower from the front when you pull them aside, or unsnap, unwrap, unzip, or unhook the closure. It's convenient but not essential that you be able to open the cup for nursing quickly and simply with one hand. (You'll be holding your hungry baby with the other. If you can close it one-handed, too, even better.) Whichever style you choose, proper fit is the key to breastfeeding success. A poorly fitting bra not only will be uncomfortable but also may increase the risk of plugged ducts and/or mastitis, a breast infection. An ill-fitting bra can put pressure on milk ducts, which can make them vulnerable to infection-causing bacteria.

An estimated 80 percent of women buy the wrong-size nursing bra. Where do they go wrong? They increase the bra band size and stay with the same cup size. Most women can stay with their original band size--the rib cage expands a bit during pregnancy, but usually not enough to require a larger band size. Some women may want to go up a band size for comfort, which is fine as long as you have a bra with plenty of adjustment hooks in the back. Meanwhile, most women need a larger cup size during pregnancy. If you were a C cup pre-pregnancy, you may go up to an F, or higher. Depending on the manufacturer, cup sizes can range from A through D, then DD, DDD, E, F, G, H, and I.

Recommendations
The best nursing bras are comfortable, absorbent, and don't bind the breasts in any way that could interfere with milk flow. For optimum support, the band and the straps should be made of non-stretchy fabric. But cups should have some stretch to accommodate changing breast size at different phases of nursing and throughout the day. The band should offer multiple hook positions. Look for bras that are 100 percent cotton or a blend of cotton and Lycra or other stretchy synthetic. Since the right size bra is so important to getting breastfeeding off to a good start and reducing the risk of complications, such as clogged milk ducts, shop at a maternity store or visit a lactation consultant/certified bra fitter for at least your first bra. To find a lactation consultant in your area, contact the hospital or birth center where you'll deliver, or visit the International Lactation Consultant Association at www.ilca.org. A professional fitting will ensure a comfortable fit and the correct size. Try on bras for size and feel, and practice with nursing pads in place. After you've bought one properly fitting bra, you can order more of the same style and size online or from a catalog. Many Web sites offer competitive deals. But stick with the manufacturer and style you were fitted with, or be fitted again, if you'd like to try a different style or brand.

Best for breasts
Tempted to use your regular bra for nursing instead of a nursing bra? That's one cost-saving measure you won't want to take. Regular bras aren't designed for nursing and may not give you the extra support you need to be comfortable. Lifting your regular bra up over your breast to nurse can put a lot of pressure on breast tissue, increasing the risk of infection.

Types of nursing bras
Until recently, there was just one type of nursing bra that came in a variety of styles. Now there are some breast-pumping bras on the market, although we have not tested them. Here are the types of nursing bras to consider.

Traditional nursing bras
Most manufacturers have several nursing-bra lines, including models that are comfortable for sleeping or lounging, traditional, seamless "soft cup" and underwire styles, and super-support sports nursing bras that can take a pounding on the tennis court. Nursing bras that are built into nylon/Lycra tank tops and T-shirts are also an option; discreet nursing clips offer quick breastfeeding access. You'll also find padded and plus-size nursing bras.

Closure locations vary and include flaps that attach at the top near the shoulder strap, flaps that open and close between the two cups, and no flaps at all, where the cups just pull down for quick access. Latches vary, too. Squeeze or push-type latches are easy to operate one-handed, compared to snaps, which usually take two hands to close. Go with whichever type is easier for you to use discreetly one-handed (in case you want want to avoid having to put your baby down).

Breast-pumping bras
Pumping bras can replace a nursing bra or be worn over the top of one. They allow you to pump "hands free" with almost any brand of double electric breast pump. The Hands Free Pump Bra by La Leche League (www.llliclothes.com), for example, is worn instead of a nursing bra. Once you put it on, unsnap the pumping panel from the bra cup and insert the pump's breast shield into the bra cups. You then attach the pump tubes and collection bottles to the pump shield and you're ready to pump.

Another style of pumping bra is designed to be worn over your nursing bra. A pumping bra costs less than a stand-alone hands-free pump. (We have not tested these products.)
Nursing bra features. Comfort is the main feature you want in a nursing bra but there are some other features to consider.

Support | Closures | Adjustability | Color and style

Support
In the world of nursing bras, support is queen. You'll need it now more than ever, just to feel comfortable. The best nursing bras open in the back but have flaps in the front for access. They also have strong side and undercup support and an extra-wide back for a fit that doesn't feel tight. Straps should be non-stretch but adjustable. Soft cup styles usually feature a "no roll" band, which is a plus. If you're extra ample, you may be a candidate for bras with extra-wide, padded shoulder straps and fuller cups. But be sure to try them on before you buy, to see if they're comfortable.

Adjustability
Near the end of your pregnancy and in the early weeks of nursing, your breasts may enlarge, sometimes dramatically, and then they usually return to a smaller size once breastfeeding is established. For greatest comfort, you'll want a nursing bra that "grows" with you and springs back again throughout the day--before and after feedings. So although the band and straps should be non-stretch for support, the cups should have some give. In addition, you'll want multiple hook positions on the band--four gives you plenty of versatility--so you can adjust the bra for comfort. After you've found your correct bra size, look for brands made with a blend of cotton and Lycra.

Color and style
Nursing bras once came only in white, beige (taupe), or black. Though white is still the norm, you'll now find nursing bras in brown, teal, florals, and floral animal prints, some with lace and ribbon that fall into the lingerie category.

Nursing bra shopping tips
Certified bra fitting
Yes, there's a certification program for bra fitting. When you're a nursing mother, a properly fitting bra is more important than ever. You'll want comfortable nursing bras that provide the right support--bras that don't bind, pinch, hike up in the back or front, or irritate breast tissue. Most women experience changes in breast size during pregnancy and lactation. For optimum size and fit, go bra-shopping from four to six weeks before your delivery date. Your size may change throughout the rest of your pregnancy and again after you give birth and begin nursing.
You want some give or stretchiness in the cup to accommodate not only these changes in breast size but also normal changes during the course of the day once you begin to nurse. Though the band should be comfortable, that part of the bra should be firm for proper support. The multiple hook positions will allow you to adjust it if you need to; multiple hooks are the key to comfort. Straps should also be firm--not stretchy--for additional support and stability.
Shop at a maternity store and ask the sales staff whether there's a certified bra fitter on staff. This service is usually free of charge. If a certified bra fitter isn't available, a lactation consultant, perhaps one affiliated with the hospital where you'll deliver, can usually help. Many lactation consultants are also certified bra fitters. The advantage to a bra fitter who is also a lactation consultant is that you can develop a relationship with that person and she can help you address any issues or questions right away. To find a lactation consultant in your area, visit the International Lactation Consultant Association (www.ilca.org).

When you're being fitted, you'll be measured under your arms. The tape will also be wrapped around your torso at the fullest point of the bust. The difference between the two measurements is your cup size. Once you get your official size, you can find a style you like and feel comfortable in. Don't be put off by the size the fitter recommends, which could be much different from what you normally wear. Keep an open mind and try it on before you decide whether it's right for you. Once you realize the difference in not only support and comfort but also appearance (a properly fitting bra will make you look much better!), you won't be hung up on letters of the alphabet. You may not end up with the bra size you thought you'd wear, but the bra probably will fit well.

After you've settled on a brand and style of nursing bra and you're confident you've got the right size, buy online from the manufacturer or Web sites that sell it, or from a catalog, if you want to avoid a trip to the store. If you're buying a bra you haven't tried on, double-check the retailer's instructions for measuring since brands may be sized differently, and make sure you can return it in case it doesn't fit. Or play it safe by buying all your nursing bras at the maternity store where you were measured.

What to buy, when
Buy two or more bras. That should be enough to meet your needs, allowing you to have a couple of bras on deck and one or two in the wash. Plan to buy a sleep/loungewear bra for the early days of nursing when you'll want to wear your nursing bra and pads 24/7 for leakage control.

Shop as early as four to six weeks pre-delivery, as we mentioned, but no earlier. Your breasts may enlarge even more during the end of pregnancy and after your milk comes in, so look for bras with cups that stretch. If you're still not comfortable, you may need to be fitted again.

If you're especially large-breasted, you may need to shop around. Some companies make bras for maximum support and coverage for heavier breasts or plus sizes. If the bras available in your local maternity store aren't large enough, try a specialty lingerie or "foundation" store instead. These shops usually can meet your needs and even custom-make bras in your size.
Underwire nursing bras
The pressure from the underwire support may contribute to breast maladies, such as clogged milk ducts. If you feel you must have an underwire bra, it's vitally important for it to be flexible and fit properly. You definitely want to have an underwire nursing bra fitted by a professional.

What not to buy
There are quite a few nursing bras available that require hand-washing, so check the maintenance tag before you buy. Who has time for that? You won't. Because your baby will be high-maintenance enough, you don't want to spend any downtime you have on this laundry detail.

Accessories
In addition to nursing bras, you'll need disposable or washable cotton pads that you can tuck inside to absorb any leakage. The disposable types are usually made of super-absorbent material that wicks moisture away from the skin, They're higher-tech than cotton nursing pads, but both types cost about the same. Both kinds prevent clothing stains and skin irritation and are invisible to the outside world, so it's just a matter of personal preference. You may also need special bra shells that can protect sore nipples from irritation or help draw out inverted nipples. You can find nursing pads and bra shells at drugstores, specialty maternity shops, and baby-product stores.

For instant privacy, many women use a baby blanket to cover their baby when nursing in public. But a nursing cover-up can be more secure because it doesn't slip off as easily. Cover-ups have a strap that's worn around the neck, which prevents them from shifting and babies from being able to yank it off. Whatever you choose, make sure there's enough airflow for your baby to breathe once you're covered.

Nursing clothes
You can buy special nursing shirts and nightwear that have strategically placed slits and flaps that give you fast access to your nursing bra, making breastfeeding ultraconvenient. Although nursing clothes make breastfeeding easy, they're not essential. Moms tell us that they've bought nursing tops they've never used, making do with large shirts and tank tops they can easily maneuver when the time comes.

A button-down-the-front blouse, stretchy T-shirt or sweater, and two-piece pajamas--in other words, your regular clothes--can work just as well. Regular clothes can be even more discreet, if that's important to you.
Because of their front flaps, which consist of two extra pieces of fabric, nursing shirts tend to advertise the fact that you're nursing, although no one, except other mothers, may notice. The newest generation of nursing wear--clingy tank tops and T-shirts--have a built-in nursing bra so you don't have to wear a nursing bra and a nursing top. They're something to consider for a change of pace. Still, like traditional "nursing" shirts, they're an added expense, and their life span tends to be brief. Many moms, especially those who plan to breastfeed for a while, abandon the nursing duds in short order and breastfeed in whatever they wear that day.

母乳喂养成功的关键

2011-06-09T00:05:00.000-07:00

１、有信心、下决心。大量研究证明，只要母亲在妊娠期体重增加１２公斤左右就完全具备哺乳的条件和能力。母乳是你赐给宝宝的一笔财富，用自己的乳汁哺育宝宝是再自然不过的事了，最关键的是你的信心和决心。而成功的哺乳无论对宝宝还是母亲都是一种美满幸福的经历。

２、实行断脐后母子皮肤即直接接触，１天２４小时母婴同室，早开奶、多吸吮、按需哺乳等促进乳汁分泌的有效措施。

３、宝宝生后１－２周，母亲尚未真正下奶前，千万不能误认为自己“没有奶”而放弃母乳喂养。在这关键时刻，只要坚持就会成功。

４、不要喂水，不要让宝宝吸橡皮奶头。
母乳中的营养成分和水分已能满足出生至４－６个月宝宝生长发育的全部需要，不必再加糖水、菜水和其他代乳品。宝宝出生头几天，虽然初乳分泌量较少，也不必加任何食物和饮料。吸橡皮乳头，会出现“乳头错觉”，使宝宝拒奶、烦燥而导致母乳喂养失败。

５、充分而合理的营养。
母乳喂养期间，必须将宝宝的营养和母亲的营养作为一个整体来考虑，母亲营养充分而合理，才能保证宝宝营养质优量多。既要多吃蛋、鱼、肉、鸡和豆制品，也要摄入大量的蔬菜、水果。粗细粮要搭配，可吃一些玉米窝头，红糖小米粥等。尤其要多喝汤水，如鲜鲫鱼汤、猪蹄汤、排骨汤、鸡汤、青菜鸡蛋汤等，还应喝些豆浆和含有维生素ＡＤ的牛奶。禁止吸烟、饮酒和辛辣食品，慎用药物。
　　一般哺乳期母亲每日的食谱至少应当包括
　　　粮食：５００－７００克　　蛋类：２００克（４个）　　
　　　肉类：２００－２５０克　　豆制品：５０－１００克　　
　　　牛奶：２５０克　　　　　　汤水：１０００－１５００克
　　　蔬菜：500克(其中绿叶蔬菜不少于２５０克)

６、注意睡眠和休息，保持身心愉快、情绪稳定。
母乳喂养是一种心理生理过程。精神紧张、情绪低沉、焦虑、悲伤、过分疲劳、睡眠不足等，可直接或间接地减少乳汁的分泌。有的母亲由于担心母乳不够，心理负担过重，反而抑制了乳汁分泌，导致乳量暂时“下降”。此时，不用着急，只要坚持母乳喂养，通常１周左右乳汁自然又会恢复或增加。因此母亲要保持开朗乐观的情绪，不管遇到任何困难都要向家人和朋友或医生倾诉，以求得支持和帮助。要调整生活规律，保证充足的睡眠和休息。一般喂奶后要立刻躺下休息，尽量避免家务劳累。

７、家庭的支持和帮助
丈夫及家庭其他成员要支持妻子母乳喂养，关心体贴妻子，分担家务，与妻子共同学习母乳喂养的知识，帮助克服喂养过程中遇到的困难，鼓励妻子坚持母乳喂养。

　第５、６、７条，实质上是一种自然催乳法。

2011-06-08T01:16:00.000-07:00

In Excel 2007 the the “COUNTIFS” and “SUMIFS” Formulas had replace the Array Formula in Excel older version.

“COUNTIFS” and “SUMIFS” formula allows you to stipulate multiple criteria which equivalent to Array Formula.

The Syntax for COUNTIFS:
=COUNTIFS(criteria_range_1, criteria_1, criteria_range_2, criteria_2,……. criteria_range_n, criteria_n),

The Syntax for SUMIFS:
=SUMIFS(sum_range,critera_range_1,criteria_1,criteria_range_2,criteria_2…..and so on if required)

Sample data and Example below:

Month-----Region-----Sales
Jan--------South------200
Jan--------East-------300
Jan--------West------400
Feb--------East-------100
Feb--------North-----200
Feb--------West------300
March-----East-------100
March-----South-----300
March-----North-----600

Firstly, define the Name Manager for “Month, “Region” and “Sales”

Question:

To calculate the Sales where the Month = Jan and the sales > 100
=COUNTIFS(Month, "Jan" ,Sales,">100") result= 3

To total up the Sales where the Month = Jan and the sales > 100
=SUMIFS(Sales, Month, "Jan", Sales, ">100") result =(200+300+400) = 900

For the above scenario if you using Excel 2007 version below you can perform the above calculation by using Array Formula as follow:

To calculate the Sales where the Month = Jan and the sales > 100
{=SUM((Region="West")*(Sales>100)) result=3}

To total up the Sales where the Month = Jan and the sales > 100
{=SUM((Month="Jan")*(Sales>100)*(Sales)) = 900}

Note: For the Array Formula when you run you need to press “Ctrl+Shifted+Enter” key.
For the “{ ……}” bracket do not need to keying as this “{}” will generated by Excel while you press the “Ctrl+Shifted+Enter” key.
The above Array Formula applicable to Excel 2007 as well.

COUNTIFS and SUMIFS in Excel 2007

2011-06-07T23:57:00.000-07:00

The Syntax for COUNTIFS:
=COUNTIFS(criteria_range_1, criteria_1, criteria_range_2, criteria_2,……. criteria_range_n, criteria_n),

The Syntax for SUMIFS:
=SUMIFS(sum_range,critera_range_1,criteria_1,criteria_range_2,criteria_2…..and so on if required)

Sample data:

Month	Region	Sales
Jan	South	200
Jan	East	300
Jan	West	400
Feb	East	100
Feb	North	200
Feb	West	300
March	East	100
March	South	300
March	North	600

Firstly, define the Name Manager for “Month, “Region” and “Sales”

Example

To calculate the Sales where the Month = Jan and the sales > 100
=COUNTIFS(Month, "Jan" ,Sales,">100") result= 3

To total up the Sales where the Month = Jan and the sales > 100
=SUMIFS(Sales, Month, "Jan", Sales, ">100") result =(200+300+400) = 900

For the above scenario if you using Excel 2007 version below you can perform the above calculation by using Array Formula as follow:

To calculate the Sales where the Month = Jan and the sales > 100
{=SUM((Region="West")*(Sales>100)) result=3}

To total up the Sales where the Month = Jan and the sales > 100
{=SUM((Month="Jan")*(Sales>100)*(Sales)) = 900}

Note:

For the Array Formula when you run you need to press “Ctrl+Shifted+Enter” key.

For the “{ ……}” bracket do not need to keying as this “{}” will generated by Excel while you press the “Ctrl+Shifted+Enter” key.

The above Array Formula applicable to Excel 2007 as well.

环保尿布(Cloth Diaper)

2010-01-25T21:32:00.000-08:00

閱讀了很多有關紙尿褲的报到。覺得他不但对我们的环境有很大的影响，她也含有大量的化學成分如Sodium Polyacrylate 和dioxin。

在消費者產品安全委員會(CPSC)接到的申訴中，穿紙尿褲引起的尿布疹像是起水泡、化學物品燒傷及皮膚炎。有些則說皮膚像是被割傷、抓傷或是被金屬銼刀銼傷等。有些紙尿褲所使用的染色劑會傷害到中央神經系統、肝和腎。美國食品藥物管理局(FDA) 接到人們申訴紙尿褲的香味會引起頭痛、頭暈及出疹子。

在價格方面，大可替我们節省很多。比如说：

你的宝贝一天用6 片紙尿褲， = 6 * 80cents = RM4.80/天
= 365 天 * RM4.80 = RM1，752
= RM1752 * 3 年 = RM5，256

如果你打算生2 个宝宝的话，RM5256 * 2 = RM10,512

应为在之前我有让我的BB 用环保尿布，但效果并不满意如面对很多问题如漏尿尿或尿尿滲透出来。真的很苦恼！？。。。。不知如何是好？

经过好几个朋友的推薦和建議 MommyLoveU 在加上價格的关系，我終以卖了第3批的环保尿布(Cloth Diaper) 让我的宝贝試用。我觉得很不錯。他的吸收能力很強效果也很满意。我让我的宝贝在晚上使用（10pm 到 7/8am）都没有漏出或滲透出来的现象。现在，我对得环保尿布也建立了很大的信心。

相比之下，我第一和第二批的环保尿布vs 第三批的环保尿布在品質的怯有很大的差别但在价钱方面他们的差别怯很小。

如果你有興趣想让你BB 试试环保尿布，不妨试"价廉物美”的 MommyLoveU 得环保尿布。而且它的built up 和color 都很美。

新年

2010-01-18T17:14:00.000-08:00

哇! 很有新年气分！

WHAT'S WRONG WITH "DISPOSABLE" SINGLE-USE DIAPERS?

2010-01-18T17:01:00.000-08:00

WHAT IS A "DISPOSABLE" DIAPER?
Single-use diapers consist of waterproof polyethylene outer layer, an inner layer made from wood pulp and synthetic polyacrylate (a super-absorbent crystal) and a water-repellant liner. Most brands also have fragrances and perfumes.
The single-use diaper market is worth $400 million per year in Canada alone.

CAN CAUSE HEALTH HAZARDS
The U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission has received numerous complaints about single-use diapers. These include the DEATH of babies from suffocation and asphyxiation by the wood pulp stuffing, the plastic shell or the tape tabs. In addition there have been hundreds of complaints about rashes, allergic reactions to chemicals, perfumes or plastics as well as injury due to foreign objects like wood splinters and metal scraps found inside the diapers themselves.
Further complaints from parants using super-absorbent single-use diapers include severe skin irritations, oozing blood, fever, vomiting and staph infections.
History may repeat itself in the marketing of these super-absorbent single-use diapers. The Rely® tampon, introduced in 1975 was removed from the marketplace because of the sometimes fatal Toxic Shock Syndrome associated with its use. These super-absorbent crystals are the same ones now being used in single-use diapers!
Many doctors claim there is a rise in infections, especially in baby girls, as parents tend to change single-use diapers much less often than cloth diapers. Single-use diapers don't breathe well and don't feel wet, increasing diaper rash as heat and moisture provide an excellent medium for bacterial growth.
Employees in factories manufacturing super-absorbent diapers suffer from fatigue, female-organ problems, slow-healing wounds (suggesting a compromise of their immune system) and weight loss.

RAW SEWAGE IS A PUBLIC HEALTH HAZARD
Not since the Middle Ages has there been so much human waste in our garbage. There is NO safe way to dispose of single-use diapers. Flushing them down the toilet causes 95% of clogged sewer lines in the US, and creates 43,000 tonnes of extra sludge per year. Most people simply toss these soiled single-use diapers into household, hospital or roadside garbage. This adds 84 million pounds of raw fecal matter to our environment per year.
Raw sewage is then dumped in landfill sites, breeding viruses and bacteria. As many as 100 viruses can survive in soiled diapers for up to two weeks, including live polio virus excreted by recently-vaccinated babies. According to Environment Canada, once in landfill sites - which are not designed to handle human waste - single-use diapers threaten the health of sanitary workers, water supplies and our wildlife.

UNECOLOGICAL
Did you know each baby in single-use diapers consumes 4.5 trees and puts two tonnes of solid waste into our environment (based on 2 years in diapers)?
Single-use diapers are the single largest non-recyclable part of household garbage. It costs the public 50 million per year to operate landfill sites, monitor pollution and replant forests to keep up with the surging tide of single-use diapers.
In Toronto alone, for example, we must deal with 43 million single-use diapers per year, weighing 5000 tonnes and costing $500,000 to haul them away. Manufacturing single-use diapers for Toronto's babies takes 450 tonnes of plastic and 30,000 trees.
Reportedly, 2.4 million trees in Canada and one billion trees world-wide are used per year, just to manufacture single-use diapers. In Canada, the manufacturer of single-use diapers consumes 65,500 tonnes of plastic and 9,800 tonnes of packing material per year. Their potential for recycling remains low and they contain chemicals whose long-term effects on users and the environment remain unknown.
Bleaching the wood pulp with chlorine gas to give it that desirable bright, white look produces toxic chemicals such as dioxin and furans. These pollutants make their way into the mills emissions and into the diapers manufactured from the pulp.

UNCOMFORTABLE AND UNSAFE
Putting a non-breathable synthetic next to your baby's most sensitive and most intimate body area is extremely uncomfortable. Would you put a trash bag on your baby? Single-use diapers are just fancy trash bags with a lining. Would you give your baby a plastic bag and say good-night? Your baby is in danger of suffocation when single-use diapers are left within reach. Your baby will be in diapers 24 hours a day for up to 3 years and deserves to be safe and comfortable.

COSTLY!!
Single-use diapers are expensive. To diaper your baby for 2 1/2 years in single-use diapers could cost you over $1,560.00!
Most parents don't realize just how much they spend as the cost gets buried in the weekly grocery bill. By only purchasing one box at a time, parents don't add up the dollars spent each month. Single-use diapers are a highly-priced, on-going expense.
ENVIRONMENTAL BENEFITS OF CLOTH DIAPERS
Reusable cloth diapers not only spare our landfill sites, they take a fraction of materials to produce. Less than 10 kg. of cotton is enough to supply all the reusable cotton diapers required by one baby during the 2 years spent wearing diapers. It takes 200-400 kg. of fluff pulp and 130 kg. of plastic (including packaging) PER YEAR to supply one baby with single-use diapers.
Some concern has been raised that the use of pesticides (used in cotton growing) would increase with a shift towards reusable cotton diapers. However, even if ALL single-use diapers were replaced with 100% cotton diapers, the impact on the cotton industry would still represent a small fraction of the total cotton market.
Economically, no small concern, a parent purchasing simple flat squares and quality brand waterproof pants would recoup their initial expense in less than TWO months. Or opt for the top-of-the-line fitted diapers and breathable cotton covers and STILL recoup your initial expense in less than a year!
That means your second and third years of diapering are FREE!!

布尿布vs.紙尿褲

2009-12-28T16:45:00.001-08:00

謝美芳

一個小孩在會自己上廁所前，平均大約有兩萬個小時是包著尿布的，而在這段時間內，大約要換六千次尿布。你決定讓小孩使用那一種尿布將對你的孩子及地球有著深遠的影響。在美國每年用掉一百八十億片免洗尿褲，這些紙尿褲足夠填滿二十五個足球場三十層樓高。而為了製造這些使用一次即丟的紙尿褲，每年需用掉三十四億加侖的油和砍掉二十五萬棵樹。每天有一萬噸的紙尿褲變成填埋垃圾，這些紙尿褲是沒辦法被分解的，因為紙需要接觸空氣和陽光才能被分解，而紙尿褲的成分其中百分之三十是塑膠根本沒辦法分解。
從前的紙尿褲中間吸水的部份是用木質紙漿，這些紙漿須經過漂白及軟化的過程才能使用。一般傳統的做法是將紙漿暴露在氯氣或二氧化氯中，在製造過程中更會釋出一些﹁有機氯﹂的副產品。不只在紙漿製造的工廠排出的廢水有高含量的﹁有機氯﹂，就連紙尿褲本身也殘存極微量的﹁有機氯﹂。其中最有名的﹁有機氯﹂就是﹁戴奧辛﹂(dioxin)。戴奧辛和畸型兒、流產、癌症都有關連，沒有人知道多少劑量的戴奧辛會引起危險。有些國家已經採用﹁無氯漂白﹂來生產許多紙類製品，包括紙尿褲，有些國家甚至已經禁止使用﹁氯漂白﹂方法來製造紙尿褲。但是在美國仍然是採用傳統﹁氯漂白﹂方式來處理紙漿。
在紙尿褲中另外要注意的一種化學成分是﹁聚丙烯酸鈉﹂(Sodium Polyacrylate)。目前的紙尿褲愈做愈薄，主要吸水的功能就是靠這個成分。它吸收嬰兒的尿後就凝成膠狀體。它能夠吸收其重量一百倍的液體。聚丙烯酸鈉並且和衛生棉條所引起的毒性休克徵候群(Toxic-Shock Syndrome)有關。嬰兒使用含有聚丙烯酸鈉的紙尿褲因為體質的不同有的會有嚴重的尿布疹(雖然紙尿褲製造商宣稱使用紙尿褲讓嬰兒較少有尿布疹)、會陰或陰囊的皮膚出血等，由於它強力的吸水效果，只要嬰兒的皮膚一溼，它便會將嬰兒皮膚上的液體吸乾，其效果強的像是﹁剝皮﹂一樣，在嬰兒皮膚的小汗珠和尿液中也分析得出它的存在。在消費者產品安全委員會(CPSC)接到的申訴中，穿紙尿褲引起的尿布疹像是﹁起水泡﹂、﹁化學物品燒傷﹂及﹁皮膚炎﹂。有些則說皮膚像是被割傷、抓傷或是被金屬銼刀銼傷等。有些紙尿褲所使用的染色劑會傷害到中央神經系統、肝和腎。美國食品藥物管理局(FDA)接到人們申訴紙尿褲的香味會引起頭痛、頭暈及出疹子。
或許你仍覺得使用布尿布太麻煩，目前有許多新的產品讓使用布尿布方便許多。現在我就來介紹布尿布的使用方法，首先要準備的是尿布及尿褲。尿布即是包在小孩屁股上棉布，尿褲則是包在尿布外面，目的是固定尿布及防水。以前的尿褲就像一件防水的內褲，使用時必須用安全別針將尿布別緊再穿尿褲，但現在的尿褲設計的很好，只須將尿布放在中，包好，兩邊再用尿褲上的魔鬼粘或扣子固定好即可，使用的方便性幾乎比美紙尿褲。
一個初生嬰兒一天平均用十二片尿布，隨著嬰兒的成長每天的用量也會減少。如果你兩天洗一次尿布，則必須準備三打以上的尿布。至於尿褲則隨著小孩的成長需要不同的尺寸。大部分的品牌有五種尺寸，一般的建議是每種尺寸準備五件。但我則是同一尺寸買三件，但同時有兩種不同尺寸的尿褲，所以在同一時期，我手邊都有五件以上可用的尿褲在替換。而且我也不是每種尺寸都買，我會跳一個尺寸買，我的兩個小孩也都使用的蠻好的。
在美國布尿布的用品琳瑯滿目，但在一般的店裏幾乎找不到品質好的東西，郵購目錄有很多的選擇。早期的尿布是一大塊棉布，使用時再折成所需要的形狀，後來則有將好幾層棉布車成一塊長方形的尿布(所謂的prefold)。這種尿布只須折成三分之一即可使用，比較一般的大塊尿布省事。最新的尿布則是依著尿褲的形狀車成一塊，像是砂漏的形狀，好處是直接使用，不用折。最後的一種是尿布本身像是尿褲的剪裁(snap diaper)，穿起來像是尿褲，但是不防水，外面仍需再穿一件尿褲，這種設計的好處是很合身，不容易漏，壞處是一旦尿溼則整個腰部也會溼，感覺上很不舒服。另外在布料本身也有差別，一般店裏賣的尿布質料都不是很好，雖是純棉，但吸水力不佳，而且不經洗。我使用的是專業用長方形的尿布(diaper service prefold)，那是由八層紗布車成的尿布。另外有沒有漂白過的棉布或是有機棉做的尿布，這些都需經過郵購才買得到。尿布的大小則有分新生兒用和一般型，新生兒用一般在嬰兒三個月大後便會嫌小，這時則須換用一般型的尿布。此時新生兒用的小尿布，可以在晚上睡覺須要較久換尿布時和一般型同時搭配使用，增加吸收力。但我並沒有買新生兒用的尿布，直接就使用一般型的尿布。
在尿褲方面，依材質不同可分為下列幾種：
1.純羊毛尿褲：這是純羊毛氈(wool felt)剪裁成尿褲。它利用羊毛本身的羊毛脂來防水，冬暖夏涼，透氣性最佳，是我的最愛，但價格也最昂貴。有的媽媽反應太熱，我想這種羊毛尿褲大概也不適合溼熱的氣候。
2.棉製尿褲：分為很多種，一為外層為純棉，內層則為人造防水纖維。另一種為純棉尿褲，但在外層有特別防水處理過。這種尿褲的的透氣性僅次於羊毛尿褲，但較不經洗。
3.人造纖維尿褲：有多元酯(polyester)，尼龍(nylon)，聚氨酯(polyurethane)及乙烯基(vinyl)等不同質料。這種尿褲最不透氣，但防水效果最好，最耐洗，也最便宜。我有一些尿褲是我妹妹給她兒子用過再給我的兩個兒子使用，十分耐用。值得注意的是這種尿褲雖然最不透氣，但仍比紙尿褲的透氣性佳。
4.最後一種是將尿布及尿褲車成一起，所謂的二合一型尿褲(all-in-one)。內層是柔軟的棉布，外層是做成防水的尿褲樣，使用上和紙尿褲一樣方便，只是使用過不丟，洗淨後再使用。壞處是較不容易乾，價格昂貴，並有外層不夠柔軟的感覺。
在台灣，據我所知，在尿布方面只有一種車成圓筒狀的尿布(有四層紗布，使用時也是折成三分之一即可)，尿褲也是人造纖維製品的天下。然選擇不多，但也足夠使用。而且如果使用的人增加，廠商見有商機，也會願意開發或引進新產品。
在清洗方面，我的第一個孩子，由於家中沒有洗衣機，我使用專業的尿布服務(diaper service)。它提供專業用的尿布(即車成長方形的prefold，品質較好)，我只需將孩子的便便倒在馬桶中，再將髒的尿布放在尿布桶即可。他們每週來收髒的尿布，並換乾淨的尿布，一週約換80片。尿褲則須自己準備及清洗。在美國各地均有這種服務，如有興趣，可以在電話黃頁的目錄找Diaper Service即可。當我生老二時，家中已有洗衣機，故自己洗尿布。我每兩天洗一次，如果尿布有大便，則先搓洗一下，再丟到尿布桶中。清潔劑則是用在健康食品店買的洗衣精(Ecover, Dr. Brenner,s等品牌或是無香味的皂絲均可)，加小蘇打粉可除臭，硼砂(Borax)可漂白，白醋可除臭、殺菌。尿褲若是沾了大便或溼了則馬上手洗晾乾。為了怕破壞尿褲的防水性，我幾乎只用清水洗尿褲。有的媽媽則是手洗尿布。一位媽媽的心得是將髒的尿布放在加了水、醋及洗潔劑的大盆中，洗時用腳踩。當她女兒大些時，則母女一起踩洗尿布，邊洗邊玩，其樂融融！
小孩大便時，我用小棉巾沾溫水(我在浴室放一熱水瓶，在小盆子中打一點熱水及自來水即可)擦拭乾淨。髒的小棉巾先搓洗一下再丟到尿布桶中，等洗尿布時一起洗乾淨。出門時我用小塑膠盒裝沾溼的小棉巾備用，用髒的小棉巾裝在塑膠袋中帶回家清洗。我很不喜歡溼紙巾的感覺。使用小棉巾並沒有麻煩多少，但卻很環保，而且用的也很放心。
你若為了方便(外出及夜間)想使用紙尿褲，在美國健康食品店買得到以下的品牌。一是Tushies品牌紙尿褲。它的內襯沒有使用聚丙烯酸鈉，而是無氯的木質紙漿，而且沒有染色和添加香味。另外一種品牌Natural boy & girl則號稱是最環保的紙尿褲，尿褲的外層使用可以分解而且沒有基因改造的玉蜀黍澱粉薄膜(一般的紙尿褲則是用塑膠)，使用的原料也比一般的紙尿褲少。但這種尿褲仍有使用比一般的品牌少量的聚丙烯酸鈉。總而言之，不管使用何種紙尿褲，對寶寶或地球都會造成相當的衝擊。
外子有一陣子一人在家帶孩子，小兒子屁股較容易紅，他也不知何因。我回來後，才發現是因為這段期間他多用Tushies紙尿褲的緣故。我的小姑也曾告訴我她女兒小時候有嚴重的尿布疹，後來改成使用布尿布才好轉。使用布尿布是比紙尿褲要常換，通常每二到三小時就要換一次，溼的尿布穿太久容易引起尿布疹。另外在訓練小孩自己上廁所時，穿布尿布的小孩因為體驗到溼尿布的感覺而較容易學會。
當初懷老大的時候，基於環保的理由，我決定使用布尿布，儘量避免使用免洗尿褲。而這幾年下來(經過老大、老二的尿布生涯)，我發現使用布尿布的好處不止是環保，老大甚少有尿布疹，老二更是從來沒有過。而有些尿褲、尿布更是兩個孩子都用上了，如今這些尿布功成身退，可做抹地布等用途。幾年下來，省了我不少錢，也為這個地球減少許多垃圾。而我覺得重要的是，孩子們因為體質不同，穿用一般紙尿褲也許不會立刻產生外在的病象，如尿布疹等。但是吸收入體內的毒素對孩子的未來有什麼影響是難以預知的。就像早期美國製造DDT農藥在全世界大量的使用，不知其害。直到許多年後發現才禁止生產(實驗証明會造成畸型兒及癌症等)，但對全世界許多人及環境的傷害已經無法挽回了。希望大家都能為地球、為自己的孩子稍微犧牲一點方便，換取他們健康的未來。

妈妈和女儿

2009-06-30T18:19:00.001-07:00

你看他们有母女像吗？

喝人奶孩子比较聪明？

2009-06-29T18:07:00.000-07:00

喝人奶孩子比较聪明？
(13/9/00)
● 何乃强医生（本文作者是华文报咨询团成员）

母乳哺婴是母亲给予婴儿最佳的“礼物”。
　　最近有一位美国儿科专家，受邀来新加坡举行一系列有关母乳哺婴的演讲，他有提及以母亲哺乳的孩子长大后较为聪明，这说法是否正确？有何根据？
　　儿童发育可以分为两方面：第一是形体的增长，可以以度量衡测出，利用数字记录和比较，这通常称为体格生长(Growth)，第二是机能的演进，如孩子的器官形成后的功能，运作和技巧等等，称为发展（Development）或发育。
　　一直以来研究儿童营养的专家都是把重点放在孩子体格发育方面，以及测量各种指标如体重、体高或身长、肢体长度、头颅圆周、皮下脂肪厚度等等，看看孩子有没有长胖长高。同时也观察孩子是否患有有缺乏碳水化合物、蛋白质、维生素、矿物质所引起的营养不良病症。很多人都知道，喝人奶的孩子患上腹泻、哮喘、敏感、痴肥、高血压的机会也较低。
近年来研究的重点：营养与智力发展的关系
　　不过，近年来营养学研究已经把焦点着重在人类生理发展方面，注重身体各系统机能是否运作正常，例如孩子抽象概念的发展，如何解决面对问题和他所运用的方法，对所见所问又怎样反应和处理，语言表达、记忆、观察力等各项智力发展，简括而言，那就是幼儿期营养如何使到日后的孩子会更聪明。
　　最近在医学杂志，营养学杂志上发表了很多论文。报道称，论证指出吃母乳的婴儿是会比较聪明。这些研究报告是来自不同国家。
　　在纽西兰，研究人员花了很多年的时间，追访喂母乳的孩子们的观察力、辨别能力，以及他们日后学业成绩。研究员也搜集了婴儿在头一年吃母乳的各项资料，然后等到这些婴儿到了8至18岁时，替他们作智商测验，评定智力水平，记下他们在学校的考试及格率，以及老师对他们的学习表现评估，例如阅读能力、理解、数学等。
吃母乳期间长孩子的智商较高
　　这项研究显示，吃母乳的期间越长，到了八九岁时的智商也较高；在10到13岁时他们的阅读理解能力也较佳；从8到12这段年龄，他们的数学、阅读能力都比人强。
　　西班牙也研究了229名两岁以下的孩童，发觉少吃母乳的婴儿的智能和动作发展较为逊色。研究人员认为母乳哺养增进亲子关系，加强婴儿对外界感官刺激的反应。
　　而在荷兰，研究人员比较了两组年龄9岁的儿童。第一组总共有135人，他们在婴儿期都喂母乳；第二组有391人，在婴儿期喝的是配方奶（或者还没到满月就同时喝人奶及配方奶），检验这两组孩子的神经发育情形。研究结果显示那些被验出有轻度神经系统障碍的孩童，以第二组的孩童居多，为前者的两倍。这些障碍影响孩子在学的行为及辨别能力。
　　该报告推论，孩童所以如此，可能与（1）心理因素（哺乳有较密切亲子关系），（2）母乳含促甲状腺激素 (TSH)（刺激脑部发育），和（3）母乳含有大量的长链多不饱和脂酸（Long Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids，简称LCPUFA）有关。
　　苏格兰的研究也认为婴儿吸取长链多不饱和脂酸能够帮助孩子智力发展，这尤其是他的记忆力和集中力这两方面，更为重要。
　　其实最早的研究报告是发表于1992年，那是剑桥大学路卡士(Alan Lucus)教授的论文。他花了十多年的时间去研究早产婴儿的智力发育，有了惊人的发现。这些用母乳喂养的婴儿，在8岁时的智商便高于用配方奶哺养的婴儿。比他们的智商高了8点。这主要原因可能是母乳含大量的奥美家—3组（omega 3）的脂酸。通常早产婴儿的脑部只有少量的奥美家—3组脂酸。
　　母乳内含大量长链多不饱和脂酸。长链多不饱和脂酸以奥美家—3组以及奥美家—6组脂酸（omega6）为主要成分。奥美家—3组脂酸包括了DHA （docosahexaenoic acids 或22碳6烯酸）and EPA （eicosapentaenoic acid 或20碳5烯酸）两种脂酸，这些化学名称很长，一般人惯用简称：DHA，EPA。
缺乏奥美家—3组的脂酸会损害脑部和视网膜发育
　　人体缺乏奥美家—3组的脂酸会损害脑部和视网膜发育。人体本身能够制造其他种类的长链多不饱和脂酸，但是却不能有效的去制造奥美家—3和奥美家—6这两组的脂酸，而得靠外源（食物如鱼类、胡桃、亚麻籽等）供给补充。幸好母乳能够提供这两组已经制造好的脂酸。
　　神经系统如大脑的细胞膜含有大量的长链多不饱和脂酸。早产儿研究发现DHA是和促进神经发育有关。同时，视网膜的感光器也含大量的DHA，间接指出DHA对婴儿的视觉有很大的影响。
　　当然，只以为在饮食或配方奶里面加进长链多不饱和脂酸就能促使智力增长这说法，似乎还是言之过早，还需要进一步的科研，确保吸取奥美家—3组脂酸绝对安全，没有远期的不良影响。刚才提到细胞膜含有大量的长链多不饱和脂酸，所以很容易被氧离子破坏，引起出血、溶血症等不良作用，可能需要服用抗氧化剂预防不良后果。而且过多的DHA及EPA会使早产儿的花生四烯酸(arachidonic acid)减低，影响发育。而且DHA和EPA会产生互相竞争现象，有必要调整食物中这两种脂酸的比例。
母乳内很多化学物质含量还没完全准确测出
　　美国的食品药物管理局（FDA或 Food & Drug Administration）的婴儿营养专家沃灵福（Wallingford）指出，母乳内很多化学物质的含量还没完全准确测出。母乳里所含很多的微量物质，直到最近才被发现。当然婴儿食品商对新的营养知识和新的发现都会很快作出反应，改良它的产品，加进了新发现的物质，让婴儿能获得像母乳般的营养。不过，母乳和配方奶还是有所差别。配方奶还不能够像母乳一样含有抵抗疾病的物质如免疫细胞、荷尔蒙、酵素、免疫蛋白、抗炎物质等等。目前这些物质还未能用人工复制。
　　母乳哺婴最大的差别是母乳所含的物质是跟着婴儿的需求而改变和调整。所以在母乳哺养过程中，开始时婴儿所吸入的母乳和婴儿快将喝饱时的母乳所含的东西是迥然不同的。为了满足母亲自己的婴儿所要求，不同的妇女所分泌的乳汁也是不一，甚至婴儿每顿所吃的又是不同，“食谱”可说是多样化。至于配方奶所能供应的只是固定同样的“食谱”，没有随婴儿所需而随时变化。当然这就不符合婴儿生理需求。总的来说以母乳哺婴还是母亲给予婴儿最佳的 “礼物”。

Yang Yang open durian

2009-06-29T09:30:00.000-07:00

2 years old boy dare to open durian!!!

Crochet Snow Leprechaun

2009-06-21T01:14:00.000-07:00

Crochet Snow Leprechaun

This is my first crochet Snow Leprechaun. I made it for my “zai-zai”. The workmanship doesn't look neat, cute right...

The snow leprechaun boots should be in black color, i do not have black color yarn i replace it by using white color.

The step to crochet this snow man is for skill level intermediate/advance. I think it also should be suitable for those beginners like me. As the stitch involved are as follow:

SC - Single Crochet
SL ST - Slip Stitch
SC DEC - Single Crochet Decrease
ST - Stitch
MC - Magic Circle

Single Crochet Decrease - Insert your hook in the first single crochet, wrap the yarn over your hook, pull through the loop, leave the 2 loops on your hook. Insert the hook in to the next loop. Wrap the yarn over your hook and pull through. You will have 3 loops on your hook. Pull through all 3 loops to make the single crochet decrease.

Continual Round - Instead of joining at the end of a round, do a single crochet in the first stitch. The purpose of the continual round is to eliminate ugly seams that will appear with joining.

Ending Continual Round - There will be a ridge from the last stitch of the continual round. To end the round even, skip 1 stitch and slip stitch in the next. This will even out the round.

NOTE: This project provides two techniques to start rounds.

Magic Circle Foundation - The magic circle is an alternative to the chain start and will give a nice tight closure to the beginning circle.

Chain Foundation - The magic circle can be replaced with a chain start. For this project you can start with a chain 3 or 4, adjusting the chain size as needed.

Body
Green Yarn
Magic Circle or Chain 4, join.
Round 1: 6 Single Crochet in the loop, do not join. (6 single crochet total)
Round 2: 2 SC in ea SC around (12 single crochet total) This is where you may want to mark your round with a yarn marker.
Round 3: 2 SC in ea SC around (24 single crochet total)
Round 4-9: 1 SC in ea SC around (24 single crochet total)
This is where a color change will take place. Skip 1 single crochet and slip stitch in the next SC, pull the yarn through, cut and put to secure the yarn.

White Yarn
Slip stitch in the next color of yarn.
Round 10-16: 1 SC in ea SC around (24 single crochet total) Stuff the body with stuffing.
Round 17: 1 Single Crochet, SC DEC, (12 single crochet total)
Round 18: Work 6 single crochet decrease total.
Weave the tail through the last round of stitches, knot and secure the tail. Hide the thread.

Head
Magic Circle or Chain 4, join
Round 1: 6 Single Crochet in the loop, do not join. (6 single crochet total)
Round 2: 2 SC in ea SC around (12 single crochet total) This is where you may want to mark your round with a yarn marker.
Round 3: 2 SC in ea SC around (24 single crochet total)
Round 4: 1 SC in ea SC around (24 single crochet total)
Round 5: 1 SC in next ST, 2 SC in next ST (36 single crochet total)
Round 6-12: 1 SC in ea SC around (36 single crochet total)
Round 13: *1 SC in the next ST, 1 SC DC, continue around from * (24 single crochet total)
Round 14: 1 SC in ea SC around (24 single crochet total) Stuff the head with stuffing
Round 15: Work 12 single crochet decrease (12 single crochet total)
Round 16: Work 6 single crochet decrease (6 single crochet total)
Weave the yarn through the stitches pulling the hole shut. Knot and secure. Hide the tail.
Sew the head and body together stitching around rounds 2 on each piece.

Hat
Magic Circle or Chain 4, join.
Round 1: 6 Single Crochet in the loop, do not join. (6 single crochet total) Work in a continual round.
Round 2: 2 SC in ea SC around (12 single crochet total) This is where you may want to mark your round with a yarn marker.
Round 3: 2 SC in ea SC around (24 single crochet total)
Round 4-10: 1 SC in ea SC around (24 single crochet total)
Round 11: 2 SC in ea SC around (48 single crochet total)
Round 12: 1 SC in ea SC around (48 single crochet total)
The end the continual round, Skip 1 SC and SL ST in the next, cut yarn and secure. Cut a length of yarn for sewing the hat to the head.

Leg - Make 2
Green Yarn
Chain 12, join
Round 1: CH 1, 12 single crochet through the loop. Do not join. The rest of the leg will be worked in a continual round. This is where you can attach a yarn marker to show the first and last stitch of each round.
Round 2-11: 1 SC in ea SC around. (12 SC total)
Skip 1 stitch, SL ST in the next to even out the round. Cut the yarn, secure and change color.
Boot
Black Yarn
Slip stitch the yarn anywhere on round 11 of the leg.
Round 12: CH 1, 2 SC in ea of the next 4 stitches. The increases are shaping the top of the boot. 1 SC in ea of the next 8 St's. (16 SC total) Do not join and work in continual round.
Round 13: 1 SC in ea of the next 16 St's. (16 SC total)
Round 14: 1 SC in ea of the next 8 Sts. 4 SC decreases. The decreases are shaping the heel of the boot. (12 SC total)
Round 15: 6 single crochet decrease (6 Single Crochet)
Weave the yarn through the last stitches and sew shut. Stuff the leg with fiberfill.

Arm - Make 2
White Yarn
Chain 8, join
Round 1: CH 1, 8 SC through the loop, do not join. The round will be worked in a continual round. This is where you may want to use a yarn marker to mark the rounds.
Round 2-11: 1 SC in ea SC around. (8 SC total)
Slip Stitch the end of the arm together. Stuff the Arm with fiberfill.
Shamrock Hand
Magic Circle
*CH 1, 2 HDC in loop, CH 1 SL ST in loop, complete 3 times from *, (3 leaves total)
CH 4, for the stem. Cut the yarn leaving a length of tail for attaching to the arm. Sew the shamrock and stem to the arm.

Scarf
Chain 50, 1 HDC in ea CH across. Sew on to the neck area.

My Baby Girl

2009-04-22T10:09:00.000-07:00

Wow.. my beautiful princes reported to the world on this 18th Apr 2009.
Given the name of Wong Xin Yue 黃心月, symbolic of "having the moon like heart, soft, tender and clear"

如何当好孩子的妈咪

2009-02-03T04:05:00.000-08:00

1．完全惡媽守則
惟有冷靜才能讓妳的大腦保持正常運作
千萬不要被孩子的哭聲或尖叫聲而失去妳的定力。不被孩子的情緒所左右，讓妳的大腦保持正常運作，知道如何出招接招

2．絕對優雅
任何時候，要保持優雅的氣質
出外爬山，舉凡乾糧水壺由孩子自己背著，孩子是需要磨鍊的，未來才能走得遠。妳呢？就撐把傘優雅的走在後頭。

3．絕不多做
任何事情，只要盡本份就成了，幫孩子多做，剝奪孩子學習的機會，往後會影響各層面的發展，千萬克制一點，不要手癢。

4. 拒絕同情
千萬不要被孩子的淚水給軟化了，送到校門口，一個親吻，一個擁抱，轉身就可走了。只要妳的身影一消失，孩子的獨立就出來了。

5. 永不妥協
千萬不要被孩子的耍賴、哭鬧而妥協買下他們要的玩具，要語氣堅定的告誡他們，唯有好的表現，才值得獲得獎勵。

6. 動口不動手
孩子寫得不好，做得不好，表示還有進步的空間，千萬不要因妳的動手，把他推向最好的層級，他會提前感受壓力和寂寞。

7. 放手不縮手
孩子不是妳的所有物，妳可以給他們愛，但不能給他們妳的思想。。

8. 絕不介入
千萬別介入孩子間的戰爭，他們屬於同一世代，用的語言比你還貼近。不要因為妳的攪和而讓他們轉而爭寵，模糊吵架的焦點。

9. 拒絕得獎
千萬不要和「模範母親」或「模範家庭」的獎有任何關連，它們都是表彰那些「含莘茹苦撫養孩子長大成人」的人，妳不需那麼偉大。

10. 拒絕完美
完美代表標準高、壓力大、不犯錯、強出頭、健康差、不平衡，但郤不見「成就高」。

阳阳的趣事遍

2008-08-12T06:12:00.000-07:00

阳阳：去 “CO” …… “Tesco” ……….
阳阳：“mamy.我们去“co”。。。
Mamy: 去 “Jusco”。。。。!
阳阳：呜。。。不可以。
阳阳：“呜。。。。呜…..Daddy. 我们 “co”.. 呜。。。。
Daddy: 我们来唱“bla bla black sheep。。。。” ，我们看“big book” 哇！阳。你看好美丽哇。。。。

。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。

阳阳：开冰箱啊。。。。。喝 “精” ( vitagen)。。。阿，吃 ice–cream 阿。。。。
Mamy: “no no, 等吃了粥粥我们才喝。。。 ok.
阳阳：啊！。。。。开啊！。。。
Mamy: 阳阳，来 mamy 抱抱，我们去看 “Deoremon”。。。。。。
阳阳：呜。。开啊。
Mamy: 阳来， mamy 抱你去看daddy 在甚麽？来啦！乖， mamy sayang 你。等阳吃饱粥粥我们才喝。阳阳good boy ok .
Daddy: 阳来，我们看YOU-TUBE.
阳阳：看MON MON (Deoremon)…哈。。。哈。。。。

阳阳瀉肚子

2008-08-12T06:03:00.000-07:00

唉！我们家的阳阳已经轻为的瀉肚子了整一个星期了，抱起他时顿覺的他体重轻了許多。還好他依然很活泼和好动，一刻也不能停下來。希望他快点好起来。阳阳，加油哦！

好一个泰国餐

2008-08-04T06:47:00.000-07:00

阿哥今天请吃，庆祝他人生中的第一个全粮，我们几条水敢敢的骗他到王后镇的泰国餐厅，让他消费消费一下。